Variety Library

44 varieties · 4 rootstocks · WSU Mount Vernon–primary, cross-checked

VarietyClassBloomHarvestAcidTanninSGTrees
Kingston BlackSharp3late Sep-early Oct (WSU Mt Vernon bloom 5/12, harvest 9/30); mid-late Oct in Englandmediummedium1.055 (13.3 Brix, WSU Mt Vernon)103
HarrisonSharp4early-mid Oct (WSU Mt Vernon bloom 5/16, harvest 10/9)mediumlow1.061 (14.6 Brix, WSU Mt Vernon)98
Brown SnoutBittersweet5mid-late Oct (WSU Mt Vernon bloom 5/22, harvest 10/18 - the latest of this set)lowmedium1.051 (12.9 Brix, WSU Mt Vernon)41
DabinettBittersweet5Mid-October in maritime western Washington (WSU Mount Vernon mean harvest 10/14); late October into November in Englandlowmedium1.055 (WSU Mount Vernon, 13.5 Brix, pH 4.41)34
Stoke RedBittersharp4late Sep-early Oct (WSU Mt Vernon bloom 5/19, harvest 9/30); late Oct-Nov in Englandmediumhigh1.045 (11.7 Brix, WSU Mt Vernon - the lowest sugar of this set)32
Cox Orange PippinDessert3mid Sep-mid Oct, typically the last week of September (northern climates)mediumlow—24
Golden RussetSharp1early Oct (WSU Mt Vernon bloom 4/19, harvest 10/3)mediumlow1.061 (15.4 Brix, WSU Mt Vernon); up to 18.2 Brix / ~1.075 in drier Montana trials22
Yarlington MillBittersweet4late Sep (WSU Mt Vernon bloom 5/13, harvest 9/26); late Oct-Nov in Englandlowmedium1.048 (11.9 Brix, WSU Mt Vernon)22
Arkansas BlackDessert3Oct-Nov (very late; roughly 150 days after bloom, picked over 3-4 weeks)mediumlow—21
Muscat de BernayBittersweet3mid Oct (WSU Mt Vernon bloom 5/8, harvest 10/16); stores roughly one monthlowmedium1.050 (11.9 Brix, WSU Mt Vernon)20
Northern SpySharp4late Oct and beyond (one of the latest-harvested American varieties)highlow—11
AntonovkaDessert3Late fall to early winter; harvest can begin mid-September and runs into Octoberhighlow—10
Fake Puget SpiceCrab2Mid-October for true Puget Spice (WSU Mount Vernon mean harvest 10/15). The actual trees' window must be confirmed by observation.highlow1.057 (WSU Mount Vernon, 13.5 Brix, pH 3.28)10
Virginia Hewes CrabBittersharp1late Aug-early Sep (WSU Mt Vernon bloom 4/19, harvest 8/31) - the earliest harvest of this sethighmedium1.060 (14.8 Brix, WSU Mt Vernon); 21 Brix / ~1.089 in drier Montana trials10
RedfieldSharp3Late - October, with Cummins placing it around early November in New York (about 49 days after McIntosh)highmedium—5
Ashmead's KernelSharp4Late - mid to late October; stores and improves into winter. No WSU harvest date recorded.highlow1.0753
Chisel JerseyBittersweet4Late September at WSU Mount Vernon (9/29 mean, 2002-2017); late October in Englandlowhigh1.0563
Belle de Jardinlow conf——————2
BraeburnDessert4Late; mid-to-late October in the PNW, stores until spring. In western Washington full maturity is not reliable every year.highlow~1.045-1.055 (about 11-13 Brix)2
Champlainlow confSharp—Ripens in succession from late August into October; needs more than two pickingshighlow—2
Cosmic CrispDessert—late Sep———2
GravensteinDessert—early Sep———2
Harry Masters JerseyBittersweet4Early-to-mid October in maritime western Washington (WSU Mount Vernon mean harvest 10/9); late October to early November in Englandlowmedium1.051 (WSU Mount Vernon, 12.5 Brix); 1.056 in English Long Ashton data2
Isle of WightBittersweet1Picked late; ripens December-January and stores at least to March in Isle of Wight records. No WSU harvest date recorded.lowmedium—2
JonagoldDessert—mid Octmediumlow—2
Karmijn de SonnavilleDessert—early Octhigh——2
MichelinBittersweet3Mid-October at WSU Mount Vernon (10/12 mean); mid-September in New Yorklowmedium1.0482
NehouBittersweet1Early - mid September at WSU Mount Vernon (9/17 mean); poor keeper, press within about two weekslowhigh1.0562
Red Vein Crablow confCrab3Late season; late September into October in the maritime PNWhighmedium—2
Sweet ChoppinSweet4Mid-October at WSU Mount Vernon (10/10 mean); fruit drops when ripe and does not store more than a few weekslowlow1.0482
Tompkins KingDessert3Mid-season - around early October in New York (about 21 days after McIntosh); stores one to three monthsmediumlow—2
AkaneDessert—early Sep———1
Amere de BerthcourtBittersweet4Mid to late season; October into early Novemberlowhigh—1
CimetereBittersweet3Late season; late October into Novemberlowmedium—1
EnterpriseDessert—late Oct———1
HoneycrispDessert—mid Oct———1
Lambrook Pippinlow confSharp—Late mid-season; through October, still pressable in early Novembermediumlow—1
LibertyDessert—early Octmedium-highlow—1
Mountain RoseDessert—————1
Oxford BlackSweet4Very late - mid to late October, picked as hard frost approaches; keeps into springmediumlow—1
Reine des ReinettesDessert—early Octhighlow-medium—1
Tremlett's BitterBittersweet3Late September to mid-October. WSU Mount Vernon records mean harvest 9/30 for the US Geneva material; true English Tremlett's is early-to-mid October.lowhigh1.044 for the US Geneva material at WSU Mount Vernon (10.9 Brix); the true English variety runs roughly 1.050-1.0581
Whitney CrabCrab2Early to early-mid season; August into early September in the PNWmediummedium~1.046 (about 11.4% sugar)1
SpartanDessert—early Oct————

Rootstocks

G.890273 trees

55-65% of seedling; comparable to MM.106 or M.7, and 67-89% larger than M.26 EMLA in NC-140 trials

early bearing

M.111139 trees

65-85% of seedling depending on soil and scion; WSU says about two-thirds of standard, rising to three-quarters or more on good soils with vigorous scions, while eastern extension sources say 75-85% of standard (85-100% of seedling)

slow to bear bearing

EMLA 106

50-70% of seedling; WSU says half to two-thirds of a standard tree, other extensions say 60-70%, giving roughly a 12-14 ft tree

early bearing

G.935

45-55% of seedling; slightly larger than M.26 by some accounts, about 12% smaller than M.26 EMLA in NC-140 trials

early bearing